**生中英文对照简介

ed**on (1847~1931) american inventor. to the creation of factory laboratories, technology development and to open up **enues of scientific research in close connection with the name lowered h**tory. february 11, 1847 in the ohio mailan a dutch immigrant family. october 18, 1931 in new jersey xiaolan in death. produced only three months of formal education received. 12-year-old has done bao tong, hawkers, rapporteur, to fend for themselves. because m.　　faraday effect in life science research experiments and inventions. in 1868 he invented a recording device to sell to ** votes congress, but has not been used. ed**on first invented so that he did not find the market more attention to the relevance of the invention. 1869, ed**on moved to new york from boston. he improved the indicators cable companies telegraph, the recognition by the manager of the company, employed 300 us dollars monthly salary (which at the time was very high salary). 1870, moved to new jersey to begin h** efficient invention period. 1874 improved typewriters. 1876, to the latter.　　bell invented the telephone with a carbon reap route, and ra**ed the words beep. 1876, founded h** famous laboratory. in the laboratory, he broke the previous individual scient**ts to engage in research tradition, organized a group of professionals (including n.tesla and others), and the subject of h** assignment, a common commitment to the invention, thus creating the correct way to modern scientific research. 1877, invented gramophone, which makes him original. 1878, the study began incandescent lamp in the 10 months after many failures, october 21, 1879 in the successful location of incandescence light lights carbon silk, stable location between two days. 1882, in new york pearl street block communal fire was the world's second plant, built in new york ** electric lighting, a modern electricity system to take shape. mar lighting achievement has not only greatly improved the wo**ng conditions of production, but also herald an era of daily life electrification forthcoming. 1883, ed**on bulbs in a vacuum test, accidentally d**covered the cold, there ** a current hot electrode. th** phenomenon was called the ed**on effect, become electron tube and electronic industries. 1887, from xiaolan **, and in the same year in a larger city, the laboratory equipment ** also updated the famous ed**on laboratory (later known as the invention factory). here, according to g.　　school invention, produced its own camera. 1914, by gramophone and camera film produced by the first audio system. old age, h** inventions and innovations including batteries, cement mixer, sound recording telephone, double - and multi-type cable system, railways used brakes. first world war, he served as chairman of the technical adv**ory committee to guide torpedoes and anti-submarine equipment research, invented dozens of weapons. to th** end, the united states ** in 1920 conferred on him the d**tingu**hed services medal serving, the french ** awarded honorary medals to h** corps spaces. 1928, the united states congress to grant him honorary medals. throughout their entire life cycle, ed**on and h** laboratory received 1,093 patents for their invention. ed**on invented many life, but he ** after all a system of scientific knowledge, and thus to the development of modern technology can not make the right judgment. in the 19th century, the exchange of transm**sion system has emerged, but he still ins**ted on direct current transm**sion, and with g.westinghouse niehaus fierce competition occurred lost niagara hydropower project contracts;he blindly testing laboratory magnetic milling equipment, the invention electric depletion of the funds had to be abandoned. however, ed**on electricity in the development, application of electric appliances manufacturing promote the contribution that he became the h**tory of mankind's greatest inventor the world.　　——　　**生（1847～1931）美国发明家。以创办工厂实验室、开辟使技术开发与科学研究紧密结合的途径而名垂史册 。1847 年2月11日生于俄亥俄州的迈兰的一个荷兰**家庭。1931年10月18日于新泽西州西奥兰治逝世 。幼时只受过3个月正规教育 。12岁起做过报童、小贩、报务员等以自谋生计。因受m.法拉第的影响，一生从事电学实验研究和发明。1868年他发明了一台选票记录仪想推销给国会，但没有被采用。**生的第一项发明没有找到市场使他更注意发明的实用性。1869年，**生由波士顿移居纽约。他改进了金指示器电报公司的电报机，得到公司经理的赏识 ，受聘月薪300美元（ 这在当时是很高的月薪 ）。1870 年 ，移居新泽西州 ，开始他的高效发明时期 。1874年改进了打字机 。1876年 ，给a.g.贝尔发明的电话加装了炭粒话筒，提高了受话的声响。　　1876年，创办了他著名的实验室。在这个实验室里，他 打破了以往科学家个人独自从事研究的传统，组织一批专门人才（包括n.特斯拉等人），由他出题目并分派任务，共同致力于一项发明 ， 从而开创了 现代科学研究 的正确途径 。1877年，发明了留声机，这使他名扬四海。1878年，开始白炽灯的研究，在十几个月中经过多次失败后，于1879年10月21日成功地点亮了白炽炭丝灯，稳定地点亮了两整天。1882年，在纽约珍珠街创办世界第二座公用火电厂，建立起纽约市区电灯照明系统，成为现代电力系统的雏形。电照明的实现，不仅大大改善了人们生产劳动的条件，也预示着日常生活电气化时代即将到来。1883年，**生在试验真空灯泡时，意外地发现冷、热电极间有电流通过。这种现象后来称为**生效应，成为电子管和电子工业的基础。1887年，移居西奥兰治，并于同年在该市创建规模更大、装备也更新的实验室，即著名的**生实验室（后人称之为发明工厂）。在这里，根据g.伊斯曼的发明，制作了自己的照相机。1914年 ，用留声机和照相机制成了最早的有声电影系统。晚年，他的发明和革新包括蓄电池、水泥搅拌机、录音电话、双工式和多工式电报系统、铁路用制动器等。第一次世界大战期间，他任海军技术顾问委员会**，指导**和反潜设备研究，发明了几十种武器。为此，美国**于1920年授予他卓越服 务奖章 ， 法国**授 予他军团荣誉勋位 。1928年，美国国会授予他荣誉奖章。终其一生，**生和他的实验室共获1093项发明专利权。**生一生发明众多，但他毕竟缺乏系统的科学知识 ，因而对现代技术的发展不能作出正确判断。19世纪末，交流输电系统已经出现，但他仍坚持直流输电，并在与g.威斯汀豪斯发生的激烈竞争中丧失了承建尼亚加拉水电站的合同 ；他的实验室盲目试制磁力选矿设备，耗尽了发明电灯所得的资金，最后不得不放弃。但是，**生在电力开发、电器制造推广电能应用等方面所作的贡献，使他成为人类历史上最伟大的发明家之一。 20210311